Table 1 Distribution of actionable mutations in advanced lung adenocarcinoma and available targeted therapies [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]
From: Targeted therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: current advances and future trends
Actionable mutation | Common Subtypes | Frequency in different populations | Targeted therapies |
|---|---|---|---|
KRAS | G12C, G12V, G12D | Caucasian: 13–15% East Asian: 3.6% Indian: 3.9% | KRAS G12C inhibitors: Sotorasib, Adagrasib |
EGFR | Deletion 19, L858R | Caucasian: 12–15% East Asian: 47–64% Indian: 22% | EGFR inhibitors: Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Afatinib, Dacomitinib, Osimertinib |
ALK | EML-ALK fusion | Caucasian: 7% East Asians: 5% Indian: 3% | ALK inhibitors: Crizotinib, Ceritinib, Alectinib, Brigatinib, Lorlatinib ALK, ROS1 and pan-TRK inhibitor: Entrectinib |
MET | Exon 14 skipping mutation MET amplification | Caucasian: 2.1–4.5% East Asian: 0.9–4% | MET, ALK, and ROS1 inhibitor: Crizotinib MET inhibitors: Capmatinib, Tepotinib |
BRAF mutations | V600E | Caucasian: 2.6% East Asian: 1.7% Indian: 1.5–3.5% | BRAF + MEK inhibition: Dabrafenib + Trametinib |
RET | RET-KIF5B | Caucasian: 1–2% East Asian: 1% | RET inhibitors: Selpercatinib, Pralsetinib |
ROS1 | Variable fusion partners | Caucasian:0.7–1.7% East Asian: 0.8% Indian: 2.8% | Crizotinib, Ceritinib, Lorlatinib, Entrectinib, Repotrectinib, Taletrectinib |
NTRK | NTRK 1, 2, 3 with different fusion partners | Caucasian: 0.2% East Asian: 0.3% Indian: 0.7% | Pan-TRK, ALK and ROS1 inhibitor: Entrectinib Pan-TRK inhibitor: Larotrectinib |
HER2 | HER2 amplification HER2 Exon 20 mutation | Caucasian: 2–4% East Asian:1.3% Indian: 1.5% | Antibody drug conjugates: ado-trastuzumab emtansine, trastuzumab deruxtecan HER2 Exon 20 inhibitors: Mobocertinib, Poziotinib |