Table 1 Selected CAR-T clinical trials targeting solid tumor-associated antigens

FR-α

1st (FcRγ)

NCT00019136

Ovarian cancer

I

Completed

National Cancer Institute

[35]

4th

NCT03185468

Bladder cancer, urothelial carcinoma bladder

I/II

Recruiting

Shenzhen Geno-immune Medical Institute

CAIX

1st

DDHK97-29/P00.0040C

Renal cell carcinoma

I/II

Completed

Erasmus University Medical Center

First clinical study of its nature in Europe

[36, 115,116,117]

L1-CAM

2nd and 3

NCT02311621

Neuroblastoma

I

Recruiting

Seattle Children’s Hospital

1st

NCT00006480

Neuroblastoma

I

Completed

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

[38]

MSLN

NA

NCT01583686

Cervical, pancreatic, ovarian, and lung cancer, mesothelioma

I/II

Recruiting

National Cancer Institute

[118]

2nd

NCT01355965

Malignant pleural mesothelioma

I

Completed

University of Pennsylvania

Intravenous (IV) administration of RNA mesothelin redirected autologous T cell

[39, 40]

2nd

NCT02159716

Pancreatic, ovarian cancer, malignant epithelial pleural mesothelioma

I

Completed

University of Pennsylvania

2nd

NCT01897415

Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

I

Completed

University of Pennsylvania

Intravenous (IV) administration of RNA mesothelin redirected autologous T cell

[41]

2nd

NCT02465983

Pancreatic cancer

I

Completed

University of Pennsylvania

2nd

NCT02414269

Mesothelioma, lung and breast cancer

I

Recruiting

MSKCC

iCasp9M28z T cell

2nd

NCT02706782

Pancreatic cancer

I

Recruiting

Shanghai GeneChem Co., Ltd.

Vascular intervention-mediated CAR-T infusion

NA

NCT03030001

Solid tumors

I/II

Recruiting

Ningbo Cancer Hospital

PD-1 antibody expressing mesothelin-specific CAR-T cells

NA

NCT03182803

Advanced solid tumors

I/II

Recruiting

Shanghai Cell Therapy Research Institute

CTLA-4/PD-1 antibodies expressing mesoCAR-T

HER2

NA

NCT00924287

HER2-positive sarcoma

I/II

Terminated

National Cancer Institute

[21, 119]

2nd

NCT00902044

HER2-positive sarcoma

I/II

Recruiting

Baylor College of Medicine

[28]

NA

NCT01935843

HER-2 positive solid tumors

I/II

Recruiting

Chinese PLA General Hospital

[42]

2nd

NCT02547961

Breast cancer

I/II

Completed

Fuda Cancer Hospital

2nd

NCT02442297

Glioblastoma

I

Recruiting

Baylor College of Medicine

2nd

NCT01109095

Glioblastoma multiforme

I

Ongoing

Baylor College of Medicine

Genetically modified HER.CAR CMV-specific CTLs

[43]

2nd

NCT00889954

HER2 positive malignancies

I

Ongoing

Baylor College of Medicine

TGFbeta dominant-negative receptor (DNR) expressing EBV specific lymphocytes

EGFR

2nd

NCT01869166

Advanced EGFR-positive solid tumors

I/II

Recruiting

Chinese PLA General Hospital

[44]

NA

NCT03182816

Advanced solid tumor

I/II

Recruiting

Shanghai Cell Therapy Research Institute

Anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 expressing EGFR-CAR-T

NA

NCT02873390

Advanced solid tumor

Recruiting

Ningbo Cancer Hospital

PD-1 antibody expressing CAR-T cells

NA

NCT02862028

Advanced solid tumor

I/II

Recruiting

Shanghai International Medical Center

PD-1 antibody expressing CAR-T cells

EGFRvIII

3rd

NCT01454596

Glioma, glioblastoma, brain cancer

I/II

Recruiting

National Cancer Institute

[120]

NA

NCT02209376

EGFRvIII positive glioma

I

Ongoing

University of Pennsylvania

NCT03170141

Glioblastoma multiforme

I/II

Recruiting

Shenzhen Geno-immune Medical Institute

4SCAR-IgT cells producing PD1 and PD-L1 antibodies

IL13Rα2

1st

NCT00730613

Glioblastoma

I

Completed

City of Hope Medical Center

CAR expresses the Hy/TK selection/suicide fusion protein

[30]

2nd

NCT02208362

Glioblastoma

I

Recruiting

City of Hope Medical Center

Hinge-optimized

1st

NCT01082926

Glioblastoma

I

Completed

City of Hope Medical Center

T cells modified to express HyTK and to be resistant to glucocorticoids, in combination with interleukin-2

CEA

2nd

NCT01373047

Liver metastases

I

Completed

Roger Williams MC

[31, 121]

2nd

NCT02416466

Liver metastases

I

Ongoing

Roger Williams MC

[122]

2nd

NCT02349724

Lung, colorectal, gastric, breast, and pancreatic cancer

I

Recruiting

Southwest Hospital

[123]

2nd

NCT02862704

Liver metastases

I/II

Recruiting

Xijing Hospital

MG7 specific CAR-T, which is a glycosylated protein of CEA

NA

NCT02850536

Liver metastases

I

Recruiting

Roger Williams MC

delivered via the hepatic artery using the Surefire Infusion System (SIS)

NA

NCT00004178

Solid tumor

I

Completed

Roger Williams MC

1st

NCT01212887

Adult solid tumor,

I

Terminated

Cancer Research UK

MFE23 scFv-expressing autologous anti-CEA MFEz T lymphocytes

GD2

1st

NCT00085930

Neuroblastoma

I

Ongoing

Baylor College of Medicine

14g2a.zeta chimeric receptor-transduced autologous EBV specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (EBV-CTL) w/o lymphodepletion

[46, 124]

3rd

NCT01822652

Neuroblastoma

I

Ongoing

Baylor College of Medicine

iC9-GD2-CD28-OX40 (iC9-GD2) T cells

[125]

3rd

NCT01953900

Sarcomas

I

Ongoing

Baylor College of Medicine

[126]

3rd

NCT02439788

Neuroblastoma

I

Withdrawn

Baylor College of Medicine

3rd generation GD2 specific CAR and inducible caspase 9 safety switch transduced autologous natural killer T cells

NA

NCT01460901

Neuroblastoma

I

Completed

Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas

[125]

3rd

NCT02107963

Osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma, Melanoma

I

Completed

National Cancer Institute

[127]

4th

NCT02765243

Neuroblastoma, effects of immunotherapy

II

Recruiting

Zhujiang Hospital

4th

NCT02992210

Solid tumor

I/II

Recruiting

Shenzhen Geno-immune Medical Institute

4th generation CAR (4SCAR) fused with an inducible apoptotic caspase 9 domain

MUC1

NA

NCT02617134

Glioma, colorectal and gastric carcinoma

I/II

Recruiting

PersonGen BioTherapeutics

3rd

NCT02587689

NSCLC, hepatocellular, pancreatic, and breast carcinoma

I/II

Recruiting

PersonGen BioTherapeutics

[29]

NA

NCT03179007

Advanced solid tumor

Recruiting

Ningbo Cancer Hospital

Anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 expressing MUC1-CAR-T

PSMA

2nd

NCT01140373

Prostate cancer

I

Ongoing

MSKCC

NA

NCT01929239

Prostate cancer

I/II

Suspended (funding)

Roger Williams MC

[128]

1st

BB-1ND12084

Prostate cancer

I

Roger Williams MC

[48]

4th

NCT03185468

Bladder cancer, urothelial carcinoma bladder

I/II

Recruiting

Shenzhen Geno-immune Medical Institute

PSCA

NA

NCT03198052

Lung cancer

I

Recruiting

Guangzhou Medical University

NA

NCT02744287

Pancreatic cancer

I

Recruiting

Bellicum Pharmaceuticals

FAP

2nd

NCT01722149

Malignant pleural mesothelioma

I

Recruiting

University of Zurich

[32]

CD133

1st, 2nd

NCT02541370

CD133-positive malignancies

I

Recruiting

Chinese PLA General Hospital

[45]

cMet

NA

NCT01837602

Breast

I

Ongoing

University of Pennsylvania

cMet RNA CAR-T cells

[47]

2nd

NCT03060356

Malignant melanoma, breast cancer

I

Recruiting

University of Pennsylvania

cMet RNA CAR-T cells

EphA2

NA

NCT02575261

Glioma

I/II

Completed

Fuda Cancer Hospital

GPC3

2nd

NCT02715362

Hepatic carcinoma

I/II

Recruiting

Shanghai GeneChem Co., Ltd.

Administration by transcatheter arterial infusion (TAI) method

NCT02723942

Hepatocellular carcinoma

I/II

Completed

Fuda Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou

NCT02876978

Lung squamous cell carcinoma

I

Recruiting

Carsgen Therapeutics, Ltd.

NCT03130712

Hepatocellular carcinoma

I/II

Recruiting

Shanghai GeneChem Co., Ltd.

3rd

NCT03198546

Hepatocellular carcinoma

I

Recruiting

Guangzhou Medical University

VEGFR-II

NA

NCT01218867

Melanoma, renal cancer

I/II

Completed

National Cancer Institute

ROR1

NA

NCT02706392

Breast, lung carcinoma

I

Recruiting

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

[129]

EpCAM

NA

NCT02729493

Liver neoplasms

Recruiting

Sinobioway Cell Therapy Co., Ltd.

NA

NCT02725125

Stomach neoplasms

Recruiting

Sinobioway Cell Therapy Co., Ltd.

2nd

NCT02915445

Malignant neoplasm of nasopharynx, breast Cancer

I

Recruiting

Sichuan University

2nd

NCT03013712

Solid tumors

I/II

Recruiting

First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College

MUC16ecto

2nd

NCT02498912

Solid tumors

I

Recruiting

MSKCC

T cells genetically engineered to secrete IL-12

[130]