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Fig. 1 | Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Fig. 1

From: Chimeric antigen receptors for adoptive T cell therapy in acute myeloid leukemia

Fig. 1

The process of CAR T cell activation and killing of tumor targets. T cells are collected from patients and then selected and activated by a CD3/CD28 antibody. The CAR gene was transferred by viral vectors or non-viral systems. When CAR recognizes its antigen on tumor cells and binds it, the intracellular signaling domains within the CAR produce a series of signal transduction cascades, and then, the CAR T cell is activated. The activation of cytotoxic CD8+ CAR T cells releases TNF-α, INF-γ, granzyme and perforin, which directly kill tumor cells. In addition, tumor killing can also be mediated by the activation of other components of the immune system through cytokines released by CD4+ CAR T cells. Notably, the defining characteristic of CAR T cells is that they produce long-term memory CAR T cells after the initial activation, which will be of great benefit to the long-term tumor eradication and the prevention of tumor relapse

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