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Fig. 1 | Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Fig. 1

From: A novel melittin nano-liposome exerted excellent anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy with better biological safety

Fig. 1

Melittin nano-liposomes induced apoptosis in hepatic carcinoma cells in vitro and vivo and inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma in LM-3 xenograft tumor model. a HepG2 cells were cultured with vehicle, blank liposomes (2 μM), melittin (2 μM), or melittin nano-liposomes (2 μM) for 24 h, stained with annexin V-FITC and PI, and analyzed by flow cytometry. b Western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins after HepG2 cells were treated with vehicle, liposomes (2 μM), melittin (2 μM), or melittin nano-liposomes (2 μM) for 24 h. c HepG2 cells were pretreated with or without the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK for 6 h and then treated with vehicle, liposomes (2 μM), melittin (2 μM), or melittin nano-liposomes (2 μM) for 24 h. Western blot analysis of Bcl-2 and procaspase-3 was carried out subsequently. d TUNEL assay for detecting apoptosis in tumor tissues of the hepatocellular carcinoma Hepa 1-6 orthotopic tumor model. e Western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins of Hepa 1-6 tumor tissues. f Live imaging photos and the fluorescence degree of vehicle, blank liposomes (8 mg/kg), melittin (2 mg/kg), melittin nano-liposomes (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg), and sorafenib (30 mg/kg) treated groups in the LM-3 orthotopic implanted tumor model. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was calculated using Student’s t test (*p ≤ 0.05)

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