Fig. 2
From: Emerging roles of Nrf2 signal in non-small cell lung cancer
Schematic illustration of pathways associated with Nrf2 signal. Keap1 assembles Cullin 3 and binds to the ETGE and DLG sites of Nrf2 through Kelch domain, leading to the degradation of Nrf2. In the absence of Keap1, Nrf2 translocates from cytoplasm to nuclear to bind with ARE in the promoter region of target gene, leading to the transcriptional activation of genes related to inflammation, detoxication, and metabolic regulation. However, Nrf2 activity could be modified by acetylation and deacetylation through NF-kappa B or ER pathway. Nrf2 activity could also be inhibited by Bach1 through competitively binding with ARE. Mutant K-ras promotes Nrf2 transcriptional through TPA responsive element. Several microRNAs have been shown to inhibit Nrf2 or Keap1. BTB Broad complex, Tramtrack, and Bric à brac, ARE antioxidant responsive element, ER estrogen receptor, Ub ubiquitin, CBP CREB-binding protein