From: Current findings for recurring mutations in acute myeloid leukemia
Gene | Clinical Features | Selected Ref. | Frequency |
---|---|---|---|
DNMT3a | The median OS among patients with Dnmt3a mutations was significantly shorter than wild type patients. | [10] | 22.1% in AML |
TET2 | In the European Leukemia Net (ELN) favorable-risk group, TET2-mutated patients had shorter EFS (EFS; p < 0.001) because of a lower CR rate (p = 0.007), and shorter DFS (p = 0.003), and also had shorter OS (p = 0.001) compared with TET2-wild type patients. (TET2 mutations were not associated with outcomes in the ELN intermediate-I-risk group.) | [21] | 23% in CN-AML |
IDH1 | IDH 1 mutation was associated with normal cytogenetics, a higher RR and a shorter OS. Prognosis was adversely affected by IDH1 mutations with trend for shorter OS (p = 0.110), a shorter EFS (p < 0.003) and a higher cumulative risk for relapse (p = 0.001). Clear prevalence in intermediate risk karyotype group (10.4%, p < 0.001). | 6.6-9.6% in AML | |
IDH2 | In IDH2 mutation CN-AML patients, there is a higher risk of induction failure, a higher RR and shorter OS. | 3.0-8.7% in AML | |
NPM1 | The analysis of the clinical impact in 4 groups (NPM1 and FLT3-ITD single mutants, double mutants, and wild-type for both) revealed that patients having only an NPM1 mutation had a significantly better OS and DFS and a lower cumulative incidence of relapse. | 27.5-35.2% in AML 45.7-53% in CN-AML | |
ASXL1 | Patients with ASXL1 mutations had a shorter OS than patients without, but the mutation was not an independent adverse prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. | [39] | 10.8% in AML |
WT1 | Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the WT1 mutation was an independent poor prognostic factor for OS and RFS among total patients and the CN-AML group. | 8.3-10.7% in CN-AML 6.8% in de novo non-M3 AML |